Weeds are plants that are undesirable in a given circumstance and might be unsafe, hazardous or monetarily unfavorable and to cause wellbeing risks. Weeds are a serious danger to essential creation and biodiversity.
They decrease homestead and timberland efficiency, dislodge local species and contribute fundamentally to land and water debasement. The expenses of weeds to the regular habitat are additionally high, with weed intrusion being positioned second just to territory misfortune in causing biodiversity decline.
Disregarding every one of the troubles brought about by weeds, they can offer a few helpful properties, especially when happening at low densities. These viewpoints ought to be used in the cultivating framework, albeit this might make natural administration more muddled than compound based frameworks. A portion of the expected advantages of weeds are recorded beneath:
1. Use in human food as verdant vegetables: A portion of the weeds are utilized as vegetables, for example, Bathua (Chinopodium collection) is cooked and consumed. Additionally, different weeds incorporate Amaranthus viridis, Digera arvensis, Amaranthus polygamus, nuniashak (Portulaca sp.) what's more, Letuce (Lactuca runcinata) likewise utilized as vegetable.
2. Use as grain for creature: Many weeds have great acceptable taste and are utilized as grain for milch creatures what's more, other tamed creatures. Normal weeds utilized as grain are Convolvulus arvensis (field tie weed), Clitoria ternatea are great foods for creatures.
3. Use as green compost: The vast majority of the times field is watered for planning and weeds are permitted to filled in the fields and when the weeds show up, they are furrowed down. This finishes the weeds as well as add the natural make a difference to the dirt. A portion of the leguminous weeds have high nitrogen contents which are very supportive in such manner. Many weeds have lush verdant development and when covered in the dirt as green compost add impressive measure of natural matter and plant supplements. Weeds add around 5 to 15 tons of green matter per hectare relying on weed species and their development. Calotropis gigantea, Tephrosia purpurea what's more, Croton sparsiflora make incredible green excrement for rice fields. For instance, Datura sp. contains 3% nitrogen on dry weight premise. Bichu (Xanthium strumarium) - 3 to 3.5 % N, habchu ( Psoralea corylifolia) - 3 to 3.5 % N, leguminous weeds-1.5 to 6 % N. Rotting roots-particularly profound taproots-add natural make a difference to the dirt. They give channels to rain and air to enter. Rotting pulls additionally make burrows for worms and other helpful soil organisms. They help further develop the no-till garden.
4. Weeds might prepare soil: Many weeds are said to collect indispensable supplements from the earth and bring the supplements into their leaves. As the weed leaves pass on back, they make a mending medication (compost) for harmed dirt. Their presence can show the need to advance your dirt with changes like worm castings or fertilizer. That is on the grounds that each time you reap vegetables, you separate supplements from the dirt.
5. Weeds draw in gainful bugs: Weeds rush to grow, yet fleeting. Hence, they blossom habitually to set seed for the future. The blossoming and their thick foliage can draw in useful bugs or different organic entities which advantage plants searching for natural surroundings or nectar. A few weeds draw in woman creepy crawlies or the great sorts of nematode or give ground cover to ruthless bugs.
6. Use in medication: Weeds are maybe the most established meds accessible and many records exists originating before to antiquated history which tells about the utilization of weeds for making separates for various illnesses in old progress. The act of customary medication is still bases on weeds.
a. Swetodron (Leucas aspera) - utilized in snake chomp.
b. Oil of piwals dhotra-helpful against skin infection.
c. Kesuriya (Eclipta erecta)- helpful against hack and as hair oil.
7. Helpful against soil disintegration: Weeds and exceptionally grasses are great soil fasteners in the neglected land. Serving to moderate soil dampness and forestall disintegration. Panicum repens is a typical weed grass and it ties the dirt with its thick underground root growth. Additionally, Pennisetum clandestinum and Cenchrus sp. are likewise successful against soil disintegration. A ground front of weeds will lessen how much uncovered soil presented assisting with preserving supplements, especially nitrogen which could somehow or another be filtered away, particularly on light soils. Weeds developing on desert lands, squander lands and messy fields lower wind and water disintegration and furthermore help for insurance of the climate.Weeds are quickly developing, so they can rapidly make exposed progress to safeguard it. Their foundations keep soil intact and fend it from disintegrating off in the breeze or downpour. Their presence can show the requirement for mulch to safeguard soil, for example more mulch can frequently mean less weeds.
8. Use as fuel: One illustration of purpose as fuel is the utilization of Prosopis juliflora which is a tree weed. Individuals use it as kindling.
9. Use in making mats and screens: The stems of certain weeds are additionally utilized in making mats and screens, Cyperus corymbosus and Cyperus pangorei stems are utilized for mats and Typha angustata stems are utilized for screens.
10. Indicators of soil supplements: Various sorts of weeds are available under unambiguous soil conditions. Echinochloa colona fills in supplement rich soils, Cymbopogon sp. fills in light soil and sedges are available in soils with waste issues.
11. Reclamation of soils: The use of powder of the weed Mexican poppy (Argemone mexicana) @ 2.5 t ha-1 is valuable for recovery of soluble base soils.
12. Some of the weeds have monetary significance: Kans (Saccharum spontaneum)- utilized for covering reason and rearing sugarcane assortments for including toughness. Nutgrass or nutsedge utilized for making substance sticks.
13. Some of the weeds fills in as elaborate and support plants: Lantana (Lantana camara) and desert flora utilized as elaborate and support plants. timeful (Portulaca sp.) utilized for wonderful blossoms.
14. Weeds have nematicidal properties: Crotalaria sp., Calotropis sp., Parthenium hysterophorus and so on. When consolidated in to the dirt assistance for control of nematodes.
15. Use as vermin anticipation: Many weeds shield close by plants from bug bothers. A few helpful weeds repulse bugs and different irritations through their smell, for instance alliums and wormwood. A few weeds cover a buddy plant's aroma or the pheromones of vermin bugs, similarly as with ground ivy, as well as oregano and other mints. Some likewise are upsetting to little creatures and ground bugs, as a result of their spines or different elements, getting them far from an area to be secured.
16. Use as trap crop: A few weeds go about as trap crops, diverting vermin away from esteemed plants. Bugs frequently look for target plants by smell and afterward land aimlessly on anything green in the space of the aroma. If they land on an eatable weed, they will remain there as opposed to happening to the planned casualty. Once in a while, they effectively incline toward the snare crop.
17. Use as green mulch: Then again, some intercropped plants give living mulch impact, utilized by repressing the development of any weeds that are really hurtful and making a muggy, cooler microclimate around neighbouring plants, balancing out soil dampness more than they consume it for themselves. Plants like ryegrass, red clover furthermore, white clover are instances of weeds that are living mulches.
18. Use as herbicide: Repulse plants or parasites through a substance implies known as allelopathy. Explicit different plants can be irritated by a substance emanation through their foundations or air, easing back their development, forestalling seed germination or in any event, killing them.
19. Use as long-lasting ground cover: White clover is in many cases utilized as a long-lasting ground cover in plantation regions. It covers and safeguards soil and the shallow organic product tree roots. In the vegetable nursery, white clover is frequently utilized in pathways, treating close by garden soil.
20. Other monetary purposes:
a. Helpful underway of aroma like Cyperus rotundus.
b. Fragrant oils are separated from Cymbopogon citratus (citronella oil) and Cymbopogon martini (Palmrosa) are utilized for assembling fragrant oil.
c. Weeds filling in ragged propensity are utilized for fencing.
d. Lantana camara is has wonderful inflorescence and it is plant now for finishing.
e. Weeds can likewise be significant marks of developing circumstances in a field, for instance of water levels, compaction and pH of soil.
f. Weeds can be a significant wellspring of nourishment for natural life, particularly birds. Bird populaces have been declining on farmland throughout recent many years and leaving weeds as an asset has been displayed to assist with resuscitating bird populaces.
g. Weeds can be utilized for paper mash, bio-gas and production of consumable proteins.
Poonam Chourasiya,
Assistant Professor,
School of Agriculture,
SAGE University Bhopal
